Monitoring of Tritium
Monitoring of Tritium

The Observatory’s Radiation Monitoring and Assessment Centre is always ready to respond to any accidents in Daya Bay Nuclear Power Stations, and other nuclear power stations further away. When necessary, round-the-clock emergency radiation monitoring and accident consequence assessment work will be conducted. ...Read more
The Observatory organizes regularly various drills and exercises to ensure that colleagues can swiftly carry out emergency duties in the unlikely event of a nuclear accident, and the Radiation Monitoring Network measure the real-time environmental radiation levels in Hong Kong. This article aims at introducing the monitoring system and exercises of the Observatory, and duties in the Daya Bay Contingency Plan. ...Read more
The Observatory embarked the Environmental Radiation Monitoring Programme (ERMP) in the 1980s to monitor the environmental radiation levels in Hong Kong. The programme includes a number of radiation monitoring activities, one of which is to collect water samples as well as the water content extracted from food samples to perform tritium measurements. ...Read more
The Observatory organizes regularly various drills and exercises to ensure that colleagues can swiftly carry out emergency duties in the unlikely event of a nuclear accident, and the Radiation Monitoring Network measure the real-time environmental radiation levels in Hong Kong. This article aims at introducing the monitoring system and exercises of the Observatory, and duties in the Daya Bay Contingency Plan. ...Read more
The Observatory embarked the Environmental Radiation Monitoring Programme (ERMP) in the 1980s to monitor the environmental radiation levels in Hong Kong. The programme includes a number of radiation monitoring activities, one of which is to collect water samples as well as the water content extracted from food samples to perform tritium measurements. ...Read more
The slight increase in the ambient gamma radiation levels is usually due to weather and environmental changes. This article will introduce how rainfall affecting the ambient gamma radiation levels. ...Read more
The Observatory embarked the Environmental Radiation Monitoring Programme (ERMP) in the 1980s to monitor the environmental radiation levels in Hong Kong. The programme includes a number of radiation monitoring activities, one of which is to collect water samples as well as the water content extracted from food samples to perform tritium measurements. ...Read more
The slight increase in the ambient gamma radiation levels is usually due to weather and environmental changes. This article will introduce how rainfall affecting the ambient gamma radiation levels. ...Read more
Relationship between Poisson distribution and uncertainty in radiological measurement. ...Read more
The slight increase in the ambient gamma radiation levels is usually due to weather and environmental changes. This article will introduce how rainfall affecting the ambient gamma radiation levels. ...Read more
Relationship between Poisson distribution and uncertainty in radiological measurement. ...Read more
How are radiological measurements carried out in the laboratory? What is the meaning of minimum detectable activity of radiological measurements? What are the factors governing the minimum detectable activity value? How can we select an appropriate minimum detectable activity for a radiological measurement? ...Read more
Relationship between Poisson distribution and uncertainty in radiological measurement. ...Read more
How are radiological measurements carried out in the laboratory? What is the meaning of minimum detectable activity of radiological measurements? What are the factors governing the minimum detectable activity value? How can we select an appropriate minimum detectable activity for a radiological measurement? ...Read more
The Hong Kong Observatory collaborates with the Government Flying Service to conduct aerial radiation surveys by helicopters. ...Read more
How are radiological measurements carried out in the laboratory? What is the meaning of minimum detectable activity of radiological measurements? What are the factors governing the minimum detectable activity value? How can we select an appropriate minimum detectable activity for a radiological measurement? ...Read more
The Hong Kong Observatory collaborates with the Government Flying Service to conduct aerial radiation surveys by helicopters. ...Read more
The extent and rate of dispersion of the plume in the air is related to atmospheric turbulence, which in turn depends on the stability of the atmosphere. When the atmosphere is unstable, turbulence is enhanced. If the atmosphere is stable, turbulence will be suppressed. ...Read more
The Hong Kong Observatory collaborates with the Government Flying Service to conduct aerial radiation surveys by helicopters. ...Read more
The extent and rate of dispersion of the plume in the air is related to atmospheric turbulence, which in turn depends on the stability of the atmosphere. When the atmosphere is unstable, turbulence is enhanced. If the atmosphere is stable, turbulence will be suppressed. ...Read more
Minute amount of iodine-131 was first detected from the air sample collected between 26 and 27 March 2011 (noon to noon) at the King's Park Meteorological Station. With iodine-131 being a fission by-product in the process of nuclear power generation, it was reasonable to assume that the iodine-131 detected in Hong Kong might have originated from Fukushima. ...Read more
The extent and rate of dispersion of the plume in the air is related to atmospheric turbulence, which in turn depends on the stability of the atmosphere. When the atmosphere is unstable, turbulence is enhanced. If the atmosphere is stable, turbulence will be suppressed. ...Read more
Minute amount of iodine-131 was first detected from the air sample collected between 26 and 27 March 2011 (noon to noon) at the King's Park Meteorological Station. With iodine-131 being a fission by-product in the process of nuclear power generation, it was reasonable to assume that the iodine-131 detected in Hong Kong might have originated from Fukushima. ...Read more
Location of the Chernobyl nuclear power station and plant information; The RBMK-1000 reactor used in the Chernobyl nuclear power station; The Chernobyl accident; What other reactor types are used for commercial operation other than the RBMK-1000 used in the Chernobyl nuclear power station? Will the Chernobyl-type accident occur at the Daya Bay nuclear power stations? ...Read more
Minute amount of iodine-131 was first detected from the air sample collected between 26 and 27 March 2011 (noon to noon) at the King's Park Meteorological Station. With iodine-131 being a fission by-product in the process of nuclear power generation, it was reasonable to assume that the iodine-131 detected in Hong Kong might have originated from Fukushima. ...Read more
Location of the Chernobyl nuclear power station and plant information; The RBMK-1000 reactor used in the Chernobyl nuclear power station; The Chernobyl accident; What other reactor types are used for commercial operation other than the RBMK-1000 used in the Chernobyl nuclear power station? Will the Chernobyl-type accident occur at the Daya Bay nuclear power stations? ...Read more
Emergency measures taken after the accident; Release, dispersion and deposition of radionuclides; Health impact of the accident; How much radiation were people exposed to as a result of the accident? How many people died and how many more are likely to die in the future? ...Read more
Location of the Chernobyl nuclear power station and plant information; The RBMK-1000 reactor used in the Chernobyl nuclear power station; The Chernobyl accident; What other reactor types are used for commercial operation other than the RBMK-1000 used in the Chernobyl nuclear power station? Will the Chernobyl-type accident occur at the Daya Bay nuclear power stations? ...Read more
Emergency measures taken after the accident; Release, dispersion and deposition of radionuclides; Health impact of the accident; How much radiation were people exposed to as a result of the accident? How many people died and how many more are likely to die in the future? ...Read more
Environmental impact of the accident; Agricultural impact of the accident; Present situation of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Station; Potential risk of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Station nowadays; Lessons learnt ...Read more
Emergency measures taken after the accident; Release, dispersion and deposition of radionuclides; Health impact of the accident; How much radiation were people exposed to as a result of the accident? How many people died and how many more are likely to die in the future? ...Read more
Environmental impact of the accident; Agricultural impact of the accident; Present situation of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Station; Potential risk of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Station nowadays; Lessons learnt ...Read more
The Chernobyl Forum was established at the initiation of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in February 2003. It aims to assess the environmental and health consequence of the Chernobyl accident, including the long-term effects both in the environment and in human health, and to advise governments on future actions ...Read more
Environmental impact of the accident; Agricultural impact of the accident; Present situation of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Station; Potential risk of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Station nowadays; Lessons learnt ...Read more
The Chernobyl Forum was established at the initiation of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in February 2003. It aims to assess the environmental and health consequence of the Chernobyl accident, including the long-term effects both in the environment and in human health, and to advise governments on future actions ...Read more
One thing we have to know is that the charge of the highly energetic particles of cosmic rays may be as high as 100 MeV. They can interfere with the normal function of a cell to cause diseases, and therefore pose a threat to the astronauts. ...Read more
The Chernobyl Forum was established at the initiation of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in February 2003. It aims to assess the environmental and health consequence of the Chernobyl accident, including the long-term effects both in the environment and in human health, and to advise governments on future actions ...Read more
One thing we have to know is that the charge of the highly energetic particles of cosmic rays may be as high as 100 MeV. They can interfere with the normal function of a cell to cause diseases, and therefore pose a threat to the astronauts. ...Read more
This article introduces the principles of detecting gamma radiation, including the operation of gas-filled detectors (e.g. Geiger–Müller (GM) counters) and gamma spectroscopy. ...Read more
One thing we have to know is that the charge of the highly energetic particles of cosmic rays may be as high as 100 MeV. They can interfere with the normal function of a cell to cause diseases, and therefore pose a threat to the astronauts. ...Read more
This article introduces the principles of detecting gamma radiation, including the operation of gas-filled detectors (e.g. Geiger–Müller (GM) counters) and gamma spectroscopy. ...Read more
After the environmental and food samples are collected, they will first be screened, recorded and chemically treated. They will then be analysed by various equipment at King's Park Radiation Laboratory to determine the concentration of specific radionuclides. ...Read more
This article introduces the principles of detecting gamma radiation, including the operation of gas-filled detectors (e.g. Geiger–Müller (GM) counters) and gamma spectroscopy. ...Read more
After the environmental and food samples are collected, they will first be screened, recorded and chemically treated. They will then be analysed by various equipment at King's Park Radiation Laboratory to determine the concentration of specific radionuclides. ...Read more
Environmental Radiation Monitoring Programme (ERMP) ...Read more
After the environmental and food samples are collected, they will first be screened, recorded and chemically treated. They will then be analysed by various equipment at King's Park Radiation Laboratory to determine the concentration of specific radionuclides. ...Read more
Environmental Radiation Monitoring Programme (ERMP) ...Read more
In the event of a nuclear accident, radioactive materials may be released into the atmosphere, dispersing with winds and depositing on the ground. Inverse modelling can utilise observation data for backward tracing to the origins, and play an important role in consequence assessments of nuclear accidents. The Observatory utilises inverse modelling to assist in nuclear accident assessment. ...Read more
Environmental Radiation Monitoring Programme (ERMP) ...Read more
In the event of a nuclear accident, radioactive materials may be released into the atmosphere, dispersing with winds and depositing on the ground. Inverse modelling can utilise observation data for backward tracing to the origins, and play an important role in consequence assessments of nuclear accidents. The Observatory utilises inverse modelling to assist in nuclear accident assessment. ...Read more
The atmospheric dispersion model of the Accident Consequence Assessment System can be applied in near or long-distance simulation to evaluate the dispersion of other suspended particles in the atmosphere that are of public concern, such as dust, volcanic ash, smoke caused by forest fires, etc. ...Read more
In the event of a nuclear accident, radioactive materials may be released into the atmosphere, dispersing with winds and depositing on the ground. Inverse modelling can utilise observation data for backward tracing to the origins, and play an important role in consequence assessments of nuclear accidents. The Observatory utilises inverse modelling to assist in nuclear accident assessment. ...Read more
The atmospheric dispersion model of the Accident Consequence Assessment System can be applied in near or long-distance simulation to evaluate the dispersion of other suspended particles in the atmosphere that are of public concern, such as dust, volcanic ash, smoke caused by forest fires, etc. ...Read more
There exists uncertainties in the results of radiation measurements. The Observatory has been participating in inter-laboratory comparison exercises and proficiency tests organised by international and national organisations to ensure the reliability of the environmental radiation monitoring results. ...Read more
The atmospheric dispersion model of the Accident Consequence Assessment System can be applied in near or long-distance simulation to evaluate the dispersion of other suspended particles in the atmosphere that are of public concern, such as dust, volcanic ash, smoke caused by forest fires, etc. ...Read more
There exists uncertainties in the results of radiation measurements. The Observatory has been participating in inter-laboratory comparison exercises and proficiency tests organised by international and national organisations to ensure the reliability of the environmental radiation monitoring results. ...Read more
CMS hardware includes a sodium-iodide detector, lead shield (to remove background radiation) and multiple channel analyzer. The associated software will perform gamma-ray spectrum analysis and can quickly detect the presence of artificial radionuclides in water and food, focusing in particular on caesium-134, caesium-137 and iodine-131. ...Read more
There exists uncertainties in the results of radiation measurements. The Observatory has been participating in inter-laboratory comparison exercises and proficiency tests organised by international and national organisations to ensure the reliability of the environmental radiation monitoring results. ...Read more
CMS hardware includes a sodium-iodide detector, lead shield (to remove background radiation) and multiple channel analyzer. The associated software will perform gamma-ray spectrum analysis and can quickly detect the presence of artificial radionuclides in water and food, focusing in particular on caesium-134, caesium-137 and iodine-131. ...Read more
What is the objective of emergency radiation monitoring? When will the HKO activate emergency radiation monitoring? How is emergency radiation monitoring conducted? How are the monitoring results processed and the nuclear accident consequences assessed? ...Read more
CMS hardware includes a sodium-iodide detector, lead shield (to remove background radiation) and multiple channel analyzer. The associated software will perform gamma-ray spectrum analysis and can quickly detect the presence of artificial radionuclides in water and food, focusing in particular on caesium-134, caesium-137 and iodine-131. ...Read more
What is the objective of emergency radiation monitoring? When will the HKO activate emergency radiation monitoring? How is emergency radiation monitoring conducted? How are the monitoring results processed and the nuclear accident consequences assessed? ...Read more
Guangdong Nuclear Power Station and Lingao Nuclear Power Station at Daya Bay are located far away from the urban areas of Hong Kong. The design and operation of the stations are strictly in accordance with international safety standards. The risk of any serious nuclear accidents is therefore extremely low. Nonetheless, the HKSAR Government has developed a comprehensive Daya Bay Contingency Plan (DBCP) to deal with this unlikely eventuality. ...Read more
What is the objective of emergency radiation monitoring? When will the HKO activate emergency radiation monitoring? How is emergency radiation monitoring conducted? How are the monitoring results processed and the nuclear accident consequences assessed? ...Read more
Guangdong Nuclear Power Station and Lingao Nuclear Power Station at Daya Bay are located far away from the urban areas of Hong Kong. The design and operation of the stations are strictly in accordance with international safety standards. The risk of any serious nuclear accidents is therefore extremely low. Nonetheless, the HKSAR Government has developed a comprehensive Daya Bay Contingency Plan (DBCP) to deal with this unlikely eventuality. ...Read more
If only a trace amount of radioactive materials is temporarily released, a quick radiological consequence assessment can generally be made based on the weather conditions at the time of the incident. However, if there is a continuous release of radioactive materials, an accurate weather forecast will be in need to effectively assess the extent and severity of the impact of radioactive materials. ...Read more
Guangdong Nuclear Power Station and Lingao Nuclear Power Station at Daya Bay are located far away from the urban areas of Hong Kong. The design and operation of the stations are strictly in accordance with international safety standards. The risk of any serious nuclear accidents is therefore extremely low. Nonetheless, the HKSAR Government has developed a comprehensive Daya Bay Contingency Plan (DBCP) to deal with this unlikely eventuality. ...Read more
If only a trace amount of radioactive materials is temporarily released, a quick radiological consequence assessment can generally be made based on the weather conditions at the time of the incident. However, if there is a continuous release of radioactive materials, an accurate weather forecast will be in need to effectively assess the extent and severity of the impact of radioactive materials. ...Read more
The Observatory’s Radiation Monitoring and Assessment Centre is always ready to respond to any accidents in Daya Bay Nuclear Power Stations, and other nuclear power stations further away. When necessary, round-the-clock emergency radiation monitoring and accident consequence assessment work will be conducted. ...Read more
If only a trace amount of radioactive materials is temporarily released, a quick radiological consequence assessment can generally be made based on the weather conditions at the time of the incident. However, if there is a continuous release of radioactive materials, an accurate weather forecast will be in need to effectively assess the extent and severity of the impact of radioactive materials. ...Read more
The Observatory’s Radiation Monitoring and Assessment Centre is always ready to respond to any accidents in Daya Bay Nuclear Power Stations, and other nuclear power stations further away. When necessary, round-the-clock emergency radiation monitoring and accident consequence assessment work will be conducted. ...Read more
The Observatory organizes regularly various drills and exercises to ensure that colleagues can swiftly carry out emergency duties in the unlikely event of a nuclear accident, and the Radiation Monitoring Network measure the real-time environmental radiation levels in Hong Kong. This article aims at introducing the monitoring system and exercises of the Observatory, and duties in the Daya Bay Contingency Plan. ...Read more